Management of wounds to prevent abnormal scar formation

Introduction: In recent years, wound response strategies becoming more efficient regarding healing process, with a view to avoid contamination of the wound and the smooth formation of the scar. Aim: The aim of this review was to explore the healing response strategies to avoid creating malformed scars. Material and Method: A systematic literature review in international databases (Pubmed, Cinahl, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library). A time limited criteria was applied with respect to the publication of articles (articles published in the last 15 years). Seventeen articles were found that met the criteria for participation in the review. Results: According to the results of studies proper and prompt management of trauma is a priority and in combination with some coping strategies, such as thorough cleaning of the wound, tension avoidance, the proper use of suture materials, moisture retention in postoperative wound and the application of silicone sheets minimizes the potential abnormal scarring formation. In the literature additional strategies are reported such as antibiotics for wound protection and taking a detailed patient’s history in order to identify those patients at high risk of scar development. Conclusions: The immediate implementation of strategies for wound management is essential to display or not abnormal scars.

Keywords: Trauma, management, healing process, scar prevention